[ To find a specific security, legal, forensic, or computer-related term quickly, use
our search page | Last
Updated: 09/18/07 ]
[ We are not responsible
for any incorrect definitions or spellings in this glossary, but encourage and
welcome suggestions. ]
[ If you are looking for a comprehensive list of acryoyms and their meanings,
we encourage you to download Acronym
Genie. ]
[ Glossary Menu -
#
A
B
C
D
E
F
G
H
I
J
K
L
M
N
O
P
Q
R
S
T
U
V
W
X
Y
Z
] |
| Word/Term |
Definition |
| [ D ] |
| Data Encryption Standard |
Data Encryption Standard (i.e., DES) is a 40-bit
symmetrical algorithm that uses a shared secret key. By 2007 security standards, it is considered
weak and has since been replaced by AES (i.e., Advanced Encryption Standards). |
| Data Recovery |
The field of Data Recovery encompasses the
attempted retrieval of digital information believed to have been lost due to physical hardware failure,
virus outbreaks, etc. |
| Daubert Standard |
The Daubert Standard is regarded as the test that rose
up out of the 1993 Supreme Court deliberations of Daubert v. Merrell Dow Pharmaceuticals, Inc. The standard
covers the admissibility of the testimonies given by expert witnesses in a court of law. |
| Deleterious Change |
A Deleterious Change is a change that is harmful in subtle
or unexpected ways. |
| Derivative Evidence |
Derivative Evidence is any data that is extracted from
the original evidence. |
| DeMilitarized
Zone |
In
a DeMilitarized Zone (i.e., DMZ), one will usually find specific
servers (i.e., DNS, Mail Exchange, FTP, or Hosting servers),
because these services do not need to be directly connected
to an intranet or network. By placing them in a DMZ, it lends
to the protection of the internal networking and internal
mail servers. |
| Denial
of Service |
A Denial
of Service (i.e., DOS) attack attempts to disrupt service
by flooding a specific host or network of hosts with useless
data. |
| Dictionary Attack |
A Dictionary Attack is the method of breaching
a security checkpoint through the process of trying passwords from a pre-populated dictionary of commonly
used words and phrases such as god, password, admin, love, 12345, root, etc. |
| Digital
Signature |
A Digital
Signature will typically combine a hash value with
encryption to ensure that a message isn't tampered with during
transmission. The hash is computed with either MD5 or SHA-1
and the message is encrypted with the sender's private key.
The receiver, upon receipt, decrypts the message using the
sender's public key and computes the hash value of the message.
If the hash matches, then the message is considered to be
original. If the hash doesn't match, then the message is regarded
as compromised. |
| Digital Image |
A Digital Image is simply an image stored in numerical
(i.e., binary) format |
| Disaster Recovery |
Disaster Recovery refers to the retrieval
of digital data resulting from sudden power loss, natural disasters, black hat attacks, or any event
in which data is compromised and reduced to an unreadable state. |
| Discretionary Access Control |
Discretionary
Access Control (i.e., DAC) is not as restrictive as Mandatory
Access Control (i.e., MAC). DAC falls under the "C" classification
per Department of Defense standards and does not use labels like
MAC does. More specifically, with DAC, access to a resource
is restricted by the owner of that resource. This type of control
enables users to control access to their own resources. |
| Distributed
Denial of Service |
A Distributed
Denial of Service (i.e., DDOS) attack uses the same tactic
as a DOS attack, but employs more than one host to carry out
the actual flooding of useless data. |
| Due Care |
The
concept of Due Care implies that procedures and policies will
be carried out with full understanding and with their best
practices. |
| DVD-A |
DVD-Audio (i.e., Digital Versatile Disc-Audio) is a relatively new audio format as of 2006 that allows for better-than-CD quality as well as multiple channel surround sound. |
| DVD-Rom |
DVD-ROM (i.e., Digital Versatile Disc-Read Only Memory) is the most common form of DVD media and is typically used for data storage or for the distribution of retail software that is too large for CD-ROMs. |
| DVD-R |
DVD-R (i.e., Digital Versatile Disc-Recordable) is a record-once medium. The data cannot be erased once it has been written. |
| DVD-RW |
DVD-RW (i.e., Digital Versatile Disc-Rewriteable) is a recordable medium that can be formatted and written to numerous times. |
| DVD+RW |
DVD+RW (i.e. Digital Versatile Disc+Rewriteable) is a recordable medium that can be formatted and written to numerous times. The main difference between this medium and -RW media is that the +RW media is more widely accepted in DVD movie players and DVD-ROM drives. |
| DVD-RAM |
DVD-RAM (i.e., Digital Versatile Disc-Random Access Memory)
work very similarly to 3.5" floppy discs in the sense that a user can transfer files to and from the disc at will. While they do serve as decent storage containers, they are not a good option for video storage as DVD-RAM media is unlikely to play on standard DVD movie players. |
